Key Concepts from the New Deal Era

What is the SEC?

• The Securities and Exchange Commission, which regulates the stock market and protects investors.

• The Securities Exchange Corporation, which manages corporate mergers.

• The Stock Exchange Committee, which oversees trading hours.

• The Securities Evaluation Council, which rates investment risks.

What were Hoovervilles?

• Shantytowns built by homeless people during the Great Depression, named after President Hoover.

• Luxury apartments built for the wealthy during the Great Depression.

• Government-funded housing projects established in the 1930s.

• Temporary shelters for soldiers returning from World War I.

What are protective tariffs?

• Taxes on imported goods designed to protect domestic industries.

• Subsidies given to local businesses to reduce prices.

• Fees charged for exporting goods to other countries.

• Regulations that limit the quantity of goods imported.

What was the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)?

• A New Deal program that provided electricity, flood control, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley region.

• A military initiative to control flooding in the Mississippi River.

• A private corporation focused on developing nuclear energy in the South.

• A federal program aimed at promoting tourism in the Appalachian Mountains.

What is the FDIC?

• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which insures bank deposits to protect consumers.

• Federal Deposit Insurance Company, which regulates stock markets.

• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which provides loans to banks.

• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which manages federal savings accounts.

What was the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)?

• A New Deal law aimed at boosting industrial growth and improving labor conditions.

• A legislation that focused solely on agricultural recovery.

• A policy that restricted labor unions and their activities.

• A program designed to reduce government spending during the Great Depression.

What was the Schechter Poultry case about?

• A Supreme Court case that invalidated parts of the National Industrial Recovery Act, ruling that Congress had overstepped its powers.

• A case that established the right to unionize for workers in the poultry industry.

• A Supreme Court decision that upheld the National Industrial Recovery Act in its entirety.

• A case concerning the regulation of interstate commerce in the poultry market.

What was the AAA?

• The Agricultural Adjustment Act, a New Deal program to stabilize farm prices and support farmers.

• A program to promote urban development during the Great Depression.

• An initiative to provide loans to small businesses affected by the economic downturn.

• A federal program aimed at increasing industrial production in the 1930s.

How did the role of government change since the New Deal during a crisis?

• The government took on a more active role in economic and social welfare, intervening directly to address crises.

• The government reduced its involvement in economic matters, allowing the market to self-correct.

• The government focused solely on military spending and foreign affairs during crises.

• The government implemented strict regulations that limited individual freedoms during economic downturns.

How did the New Deal impact civil rights?

• It had a positive effect on civil rights for all Americans.

• It had mixed effects, with some programs benefiting African Americans but others reinforcing segregation.

• It completely eliminated segregation in the South.

• It had no impact on civil rights whatsoever.