Exploring the Basics of DNA and Its Functions

The video explains DNA, its universality among living organisms, and its role in making individuals unique. It covers the concept of DNA's 99% similarity among humans, the uniqueness of twins' DNA, and the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the process of DNA transcription to RNA and translation to proteins. The video also discusses DNA's role in heredity, passing traits and diseases from parents to offspring, and provides a detailed explanation of DNA's structure, including nucleotides and the double helix formation.

Which of the following organisms does not have DNA?

• None of the above

• Viruses

• Animals

• Plants

What percentage of human DNA is the same across all humans?

• 50%

• 75%

• 99%

• 100%

What is the process called where DNA is converted into RNA?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Mutation

What is the term for the explanation of DNA converting into RNA and then into proteins?

• Central Dogma

• Genetic Code

• Gene Expression

• Protein Synthesis

Why do you inherit certain traits like eye color from your parents?

• Because of cells

• Because of proteins

• Because of DNA

• Because of RNA

Where is DNA located in most of the cells in your body?

• Ribosome

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

What is the structure of DNA often compared to?

• A chain

• A rope

• A spiral staircase

• A ladder

Which nitrogenous base pairs with Adenine in DNA?

• Guanine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Thymine

What type of bond holds the nitrogenous bases together in DNA?

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Peptide bond

• Covalent bond

What forms the backbone of the DNA structure?

• Phosphate and sugar

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nitrogenous bases