Exploring the Integumentary System: Skin, Hair, and Glands

Professor Dave introduces the integumentary system, covering its components: skin, hair, nails, and glands. The skin's structure is detailed, including the epidermis and dermis layers, and their functions. The epidermis has multiple layers, each with specific roles in protection and regeneration. The dermis contains connective tissue, nerves, and blood vessels, and influences skin color through melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Hair and nails, made of keratin, serve protective functions. Various glands, including sweat and sebaceous glands, are also part of this system, contributing to temperature regulation and protection.

What is the primary function of the integumentary system?

• To produce hormones

• To circulate blood

• To cover and protect the body

• To digest food

Which layer of the skin is avascular and gets nutrients by diffusion?

• Subcutaneous layer

• Hypodermis

• Dermis

• Epidermis

What type of cells are primarily found in the stratum basale?

• Dendritic cells

• Melanocytes

• Keratinocytes

• Tactile cells

In which layer of the epidermis does keratinization begin?

• Stratum basale

• Stratum corneum

• Stratum spinosum

• Stratum granulosum

What is the primary function of the dermal papillae?

• To store fat

• To secrete oil

• To enhance grip

• To produce sweat

Which layer of the dermis is made of dense fibrous connective tissue?

• Papillary layer

• Reticular layer

• Epidermal layer

• Hypodermal layer

What type of keratin is found in hair?

• Intermediate keratin

• Flexible keratin

• Hard keratin

• Soft keratin

What is the function of the arrector pili muscle?

• To produce sweat

• To secrete oil

• To cause goose bumps

• To grow hair

What is the primary component of nails?

• Collagen

• Soft keratin

• Elastin

• Hard keratin

Which type of sweat gland is responsible for body odor?

• Sebaceous glands

• Eccrine glands

• Apocrine glands

• Ceruminous glands