Exploring Atomic and Ionic Properties

The video tutorial covers four essential periodic trends: atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization energy, and electronegativity. It explains how these trends help visualize element correlations on the periodic table. Atomic radii increase from right to left and top to bottom, while ionic radii differ for cations and anions. Ionization energy increases from left to right and bottom to top, with some exceptions. Electronegativity, the tendency to attract electrons, increases towards fluorine. The video includes practice questions and highlights key concepts for better understanding.

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the atomic radii of an element?

• Distance of valence electrons from the nucleus

• Number of protons in the nucleus

• Number of neutrons in the nucleus

• Force of attraction between protons and electrons

As you move from right to left across a period on the periodic table, what happens to the atomic radii?

• It fluctuates

• It remains the same

• It increases

• It decreases

Which element has a larger atomic radii: Potassium or Sodium?

• Potassium

• Sodium

• Both have the same atomic radii

• Cannot be determined

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What is the charge of a cation?

• Positive

• Negative

• It varies

• Neutral

Why are cations smaller than their neutral atoms?

• They gain additional electron shells

• They have the same number of protons and electrons

• They have fewer protons than electrons

• They have more protons than electrons

Which of the following has more ionization energy: Hydrogen or Helium?

• Cannot be determined

• Helium

• Both have the same ionization energy

• Hydrogen

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What is ionization energy?

• Energy released when an atom loses an electron

• Energy required to add an electron to an atom

• Energy required to remove an electron from an atom

• Energy released when an atom gains an electron

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Which element has more ionization energy: Rubidium or Potassium?

• Rubidium

• Cannot be determined

• Potassium

• Both have the same ionization energy

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Which element is the most electronegative?

• Fluorine

• Oxygen

• Chlorine

• Nitrogen

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Why do noble gases not participate in electronegativity?

• They are highly reactive

• They have a full valence shell

• They have no protons

• They are metals

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