Cellular Transport Insights for the Biology Keystone Exam

This video tutorial prepares students for the biology Keystone exam by covering cellular transport. It explains the structure and function of cell walls and membranes, and details four major transport methods: diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. The tutorial emphasizes the sodium-potassium pump as an example of active transport, highlighting the role of ATP in moving ions against their concentration gradient.

Which of the following topics is NOT covered in the Keystone exam review?

• Genetics

• Cellular transport

• The cell

• Basics of biochemistry

What is the primary function of a cell wall?

• To produce energy for the cell

• To protect the cell from its external environment

• To facilitate cell division

• To store genetic information

Which compound is the primary component of plant cell walls?

• Cellulose

• Silica

• Chitin

• Peptidoglycan

What is the main characteristic of the cell membrane that makes it selective?

• Its rigidity

• Its super picky nature

• Its flexibility

• Its fluid mosaic model

What is diffusion?

• Movement of ions against a concentration gradient

• Movement of molecules from low to high concentration

• Movement of molecules from high to low concentration

• Movement of water through a membrane

What is osmosis specifically concerned with?

• Diffusion of water

• Diffusion of solutes

• Diffusion of ions

• Diffusion of gases

In a hypotonic environment, what happens to a plant cell?

• It becomes turgid

• It remains unchanged

• It bursts

• It shrivels

What is facilitated diffusion?

• Movement of molecules from low to high concentration

• Movement of molecules with the help of proteins

• Movement of water through a membrane

• Movement of ions using ATP

What is required for active transport to occur?

• A concentration gradient

• A high concentration of solutes

• ATP or cellular energy

• A selectively permeable membrane

What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump?

• To move water into the cell

• To create an electrical gradient

• To facilitate diffusion of glucose

• To store genetic information