Unit 3 Review: AP Biology Concepts and Applications

This video tutorial covers key concepts in AP Biology Unit 3, focusing on enzymes, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. It explains enzyme structure, function, and environmental effects, followed by an overview of photosynthesis, including light reactions and the Calvin cycle. The tutorial then delves into cellular respiration, detailing aerobic and anaerobic processes, glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Finally, it discusses fermentation and its role in energy production under anaerobic conditions.

What is the role of the active site in an enzyme?

• It binds to hormones only.

• It filters waste products from reactions.

• It is where substrate molecules attach and reactions occur.

• It stores ATP for energy.

How does a competitive inhibitor function?

• It increases the reaction rate by providing additional active sites.

• It adds more substrate to the reaction.

• It destroys the enzyme structure.

• It binds to the active site, blocking substrate access.

What happens to enzymes when the temperature is too high?

• They work faster.

• They convert to competitive inhibitors.

• They change shape and cannot function.

• They produce more substrates.

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

• To break down glucose into pyruvates.

• To produce oxygen as a byproduct.

• To convert carbon dioxide into organic molecules like glucose.

• To capture light energy.

What is the main purpose of light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?

• To convert ATP into glucose.

• To absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

• To produce ATP and NADPH needed for the Calvin cycle.

• To create oxygen for cellular respiration.

What is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis that is used in the Calvin cycle?

• Pyruvates and hydrogen

• Carbon dioxide and water

• ATP and NADPH

• Glucose and oxygen

Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration?

• Glucose

• Oxygen

• Water

• Carbon dioxide

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP?

• 2 ATP

• 4 ATP

• 8 ATP

• 10 ATP

What is the role of NAD+ in fermentation?

• It acts as a final electron acceptor.

• It is oxidized to allow glycolysis to continue.

• It provides energy for ATP synthesis.

• It converts glucose into pyruvates.

Which process does not require oxygen?

• Lactic acid fermentation

• Krebs cycle

• Electron transport chain

• Oxidative phosphorylation