Marxist Theory and 19th Century Socialism

The video discusses 19th-century social theories, focusing on the impact of the Industrial Revolution and the ideas of socialist utopians like Charles Fourier, Robert Owen, and Saint-Simon. It contrasts these with Marx and Engels' scientific socialism, explaining concepts like materialism and dialectics. The importance of these theories in shaping modern labor rights and social movements is highlighted.

What is the main focus of the video?

• Social theories of the 19th century

• Theories of the 20th century

• Technological advancements

• Political movements

Which countries were primarily involved in the Second Industrial Revolution?

• Russia and Poland

• England and France

• Spain and Portugal

• Italy and Greece

What was a significant issue faced by workers during the 19th century?

• Abundance of holidays

• Short working hours

• High wages

• Lack of labor laws

Who proposed the idea of 'phalanstères'?

• Robert Owen

• Karl Marx

• Charles Fourier

• Friedrich Engels

What was Robert Owen's main focus in improving worker conditions?

• Introducing automation

• Eliminating child labor

• Improving salaries and reducing working hours

• Increasing working hours

What did Saint-Simon advocate for in terms of factory management?

• Privatization

• Government control

• Shared management between workers and owners

• Complete worker control

What term did Marx and Engels use to describe their approach to socialism?

• Democratic socialism

• Scientific socialism

• Utopian socialism

• Capitalist socialism

According to Marx, what primarily influences the culture of a society?

• Religion

• Geography

• Politics

• Material relations of production

What is the 'superstructure' in Marxist theory?

• Political system

• Economic base

• Cultural and ideological aspects

• Physical infrastructure

What did Marx believe was necessary for societal transformation?

• Technological advancements

• Peaceful negotiations

• Class struggle

• Economic growth