Persian Wars and the Battle of Marathon

The video explores the historical context and events of the Battle of Marathon, where Athens and its allies faced the Persian Empire. Despite being outnumbered, the Greeks achieved a significant victory, which they used to boost their influence. The video also discusses the legend of the marathon race and includes a sponsor message from Squarespace.

What was the primary reason for the Persian attack on Eritrea?

• To capture Greek treasures

• To seek revenge for the Ionian Revolt

• To establish a new trade route

• To expand their territory

Who led the Persian army during the expedition to Greece?

• General Mardonius

• General Datis and Artaphernes

• King Xerxes

• King Darius I

Why did the Athenians send a runner to Sparta?

• To deliver a message to the Persian king

• To negotiate a peace treaty

• To declare war on Sparta

• To request reinforcements

What was the main disadvantage faced by the Greek army at Marathon?

• Lack of cavalry and archers

• Inferior weapons

• Poor leadership

• Smaller number of soldiers

What tactic did Miltiades use to prevent the Persian army from enveloping the Greek forces?

• Using a surprise night attack

• Retreating to higher ground

• Thinning the center ranks and strengthening the flanks

• Thickening the center ranks

What was the outcome of the Battle of Marathon for the Persian forces?

• They established a foothold in Greece

• They captured Athens

• They retreated to their ships

• They defeated the Greek army

How many Persian soldiers were reported to have died in the Battle of Marathon?

• 6,400

• 1,920

• 10,000

• 500

What immediate action did the Greek army take after their victory at Marathon?

• They sent messengers to other Greek city-states

• They pursued the Persian fleet

• They marched back to Athens to defend it

• They celebrated their victory

What symbolic importance did the Battle of Marathon hold for the Athenians?

• It marked the end of the Persian Empire

• It was used as propaganda to boost Athenian prestige

• It led to the unification of all Greek city-states

• It resulted in a peace treaty with Persia

What inspired the modern marathon race?

• A Spartan warrior's endurance test

• A Persian messenger's journey

• An ancient Greek festival

• A Greek soldier's run from Marathon to Athens