Religious Transformations in 16th Century Europe

During the 14th and 15th centuries, the Catholic Church was a dominant force in Europe. The Renaissance sparked a cultural awakening, leading to questioning of the Church's authority. The printing press facilitated the spread of new ideas. In 1517, Martin Luther's 95 Theses criticized the Church, igniting the Reformation and the rise of Protestantism. This led to a religious divide in Europe. The Catholic Church responded with the Counter-Reformation, addressing some criticisms and establishing the Jesuits, who focused on education and missionary work. These events have lasting impacts, including the establishment of Jesuit universities.

What was the most significant force in Europe during the 14th and 15th centuries?

• The Renaissance

• The Printing Press

• The Catholic Church

• The Protestant Reformation

What invention in the mid-1400s allowed ideas to spread rapidly?

• The Telescope

• The Printing Press

• The Compass

• The Steam Engine

Who nailed a list of 95 complaints against the Catholic Church on a church door in 1517?

• John Calvin

• Martin Luther

• King Henry VIII

• Ignatius of Loyola

What movement was sparked by Martin Luther's actions in 1517?

• The Enlightenment

• The Renaissance

• The Reformation

• The Counter-Reformation

Which English king broke away from the Catholic Church?

• King Henry VII

• King James I

• King Henry VIII

• King Edward VI

By the mid-16th century, Europe was divided into which two religious regions?

• Protestant East and Catholic West

• Catholic East and Protestant West

• Catholic North and Protestant South

• Protestant North and Catholic South

What was the Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation called?

• The Renaissance

• The Great Schism

• The Enlightenment

• The Counter-Reformation

What was the purpose of the Council of Trent?

• To define the official teachings and rules of the Catholic Church

• To establish new Protestant churches

• To launch the Reformation

• To create new Jesuit universities

Which group launched a fervent missionary effort to reclaim former members of the Catholic Church?

• The Franciscans

• The Jesuits

• The Dominicans

• The Benedictines

Which of the following universities is a prominent Jesuit institution?

• Harvard University

• Oxford University

• Georgetown University

• Stanford University