DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial discusses the structure and components of DNA and RNA, focusing on nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, phosphate, and base. It explains the differences between DNA and RNA, particularly in their sugars and bases. DNA is a double-stranded helix with specific base pairing rules, while RNA is single-stranded and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. The video also covers the three types of RNA: mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA, and their functions in the cell.

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

• Base, lipid, and sugar

• Sugar, phosphate, and lipid

• Sugar, phosphate, and base

• Phosphate, base, and protein

Which sugar is found in DNA?

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

• Glucose

• Fructose

Which base is unique to RNA?

• Cytosine

• Adenine

• Uracil

• Thymine

What is the shape of DNA?

• Quadruple helix

• Triple helix

• Double helix

• Single helix

Which base pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

What is the term for DNA strands running in opposite directions?

• Convergent

• Parallel

• Anti-parallel

• Perpendicular

What makes up the backbone of DNA?

• Proteins and lipids

• Sugars and bases

• Bases and phosphates

• Sugars and phosphates

How many strands does RNA consist of?

• Three

• Two

• One

• Four

What is the role of mRNA?

• To form ribosomes

• To carry genetic instructions

• To bring amino acids to ribosomes

• To synthesize lipids

Which type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis at the ribosome?

• All of the above

• tRNA

• rRNA

• mRNA