The video explores economies and diseconomies of scale, explaining how firms can reduce average costs through internal and external economies of scale. Internal economies include risk-bearing, financial, managerial, technical, marketing, and purchasing advantages. External economies arise from industry-wide benefits like improved infrastructure. Diseconomies of scale occur when firms grow too large, leading to increased average costs due to control, communication, coordination, and motivation issues.

What does a falling long-run average cost curve indicate?

• Constant returns to scale

• Increasing returns to scale

• No returns to scale

• Decreasing returns to scale

Which of the following is NOT a type of internal economy of scale?

• Risk-bearing

• Financial

• Technical

• Transport

How do managerial economies of scale help reduce average costs?

• By outsourcing management tasks

• By increasing the salaries of existing managers

• By reducing the number of managers

• By employing specialist managers to boost productivity

What is the primary benefit of purchasing economies of scale?

• Higher quality raw materials

• Lower unit costs through bulk buying

• Faster delivery times

• Improved supplier relationships

Which of the following is an example of an external economy of scale?

• Hiring more workers

• Increasing advertising budget

• Building a new factory

• Improved transport infrastructure

What is a potential benefit of research and development firms moving closer to a large business?

• Higher costs

• Decreased market share

• Increased competition

• Improved technology and reduced costs

What is a common issue faced by businesses experiencing diseconomies of scale?

• Difficulty in controlling the workforce

• Enhanced coordination

• Increased motivation

• Improved communication

How can communication problems affect a large business?

• By increasing employee satisfaction

• By delaying message transmission and reducing efficiency

• By improving productivity

• By reducing costs

Why might motivation decrease in a very large business?

• Employees have more opportunities for promotion

• Employees feel more valued

• Employees receive more recognition

• Employees feel like a small part of a large system

What is the overall impact of diseconomies of scale on average costs?

• Average costs remain constant

• Average costs increase

• Average costs decrease

• Average costs fluctuate randomly