Enzyme Function and Activity

Enzymes are crucial proteins that act as biological catalysts, speeding up reactions by lowering activation energy. They work with substrates using a lock and key mechanism, and are reusable. Enzymes have specific conditions for optimal activity, including substrate concentration, temperature, and pH. They play roles in various reactions and are used in industries like food and cleaning.

What is the primary role of enzymes in biological reactions?

• To increase the activation energy

• To change the reaction products

• To speed up the reaction rate

• To slow down the reaction rate

How do enzymes and substrates interact according to the lock and key model?

• The enzyme and substrate repel each other

• The enzyme and substrate fit together without changing shape

• The enzyme changes shape to fit the substrate

• The substrate changes shape to fit the enzyme

Which enzyme breaks down proteins into amino acids?

• Lipase

• Protease

• Amylase

• Catalase

What is the role of catalase in cells?

• To build up hydrogen peroxide

• To break down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

• To convert glucose into energy

• To synthesize proteins

What happens to enzyme activity when the temperature exceeds the optimal level?

• The enzyme becomes inactive but not denatured

• The enzyme denatures and activity decreases

• The enzyme becomes more efficient

• The activity increases indefinitely

Why is it important to have a sufficient concentration of substrates for enzyme activity?

• To increase the enzyme's size

• To change the enzyme's active site

• To ensure the reaction rate is maximized

• To prevent enzyme denaturation

What is the effect of pH on enzyme activity?

• Enzymes are not affected by pH

• Enzymes work best at a specific pH

• Enzymes work better at high pH

• Enzymes work better at low pH

What is the consequence of having too much product in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

• The substrate concentration increases

• The enzyme becomes more active

• The reaction rate slows down

• The reaction rate increases

Which enzyme is used in biological washing powders to remove stains?

• Pectinase

• Amylase

• Lipase

• Catalase

How does pectinase benefit the food industry?

• By preserving food

• By breaking down fruit cells to release more juice

• By enhancing flavor

• By breaking down proteins