The Peloponnesian War: A Historical Overview

The video explores the conflicts between Greek city-states in the 5th century BCE, focusing on the rise of tensions between Athens and Sparta after the Persian Wars. It covers the First Peloponnesian War, the Archidamian War, and the disastrous Sicilian Expedition by Athens. The video concludes with the Ionian War, where Sparta, aided by Persia, defeats Athens, leading to the end of the Peloponnesian War and setting the stage for Macedonian dominance.

What was the primary reason for the formation of the Delian League by Athens?

• To launch offensive operations against Persia

• To unify Greek city-states under Spartan rule

• To establish trade routes with Egypt

• To defend against Spartan aggression

What event marked the beginning of open conflict between Athens and Sparta?

• The Peace of Nicias

• The formation of the Delian League

• The Battle of Marathon

• The alliance between Athens and Megara

What was the outcome of the First Peloponnesian War?

• A decisive Athenian victory

• The establishment of the Peace of 30 Years

• The complete destruction of Sparta

• The unification of all Greek city-states

What was the main strategy of Sparta during the Archidamian War?

• Diplomatic negotiations

• Forming alliances with Persia

• Naval blockades

• Repeated land attacks on Attica

What was the primary goal of the Athenian Sicilian Expedition?

• To conquer Syracuse and expand the Athenian Empire

• To establish a trade route with Carthage

• To defend against a Persian invasion

• To form an alliance with the Spartans

What was the result of the Athenian attempt to capture Syracuse?

• A successful expansion of the Athenian Empire

• A disastrous defeat for Athens

• A new alliance with the Spartans

• The end of the Peloponnesian War

Which region revolted against Athens during the Ionian War?

• Crete

• Thrace

• Ionia

• Macedonia

Who assisted Sparta in the final phase of the Peloponnesian War?

• The Egyptians

• The Persians

• The Carthaginians

• The Romans

What was the decisive battle that led to the end of the Peloponnesian War?

• The Battle of Thermopylae

• The Battle of Marathon

• The Battle of Salamis

• The Battle of Aegospotami

What was the long-term impact of the Peloponnesian War on Greece?

• It resulted in a lasting peace between Athens and Sparta

• It weakened Greek city-states, making them vulnerable to future invasions

• It led to the unification of Greece under Athenian rule

• It established Sparta as the cultural center of Greece