Nitration Mechanisms and Products

The video tutorial explains the nitration process of methyl benzoate and bromobenzene. It covers the major products formed when these compounds react with nitric and sulfuric acids. The tutorial delves into the mechanisms, explaining why the NO2 group attaches at specific positions on the benzene ring. For methyl benzoate, the NO2 group is meta-directed due to the electron-withdrawing nature of the ester group. In bromobenzene, the NO2 group can attach at ortho or para positions, influenced by bromine's directing effects. The video provides a step-by-step mechanism for each reaction.

What is the major product when methyl benzoate is nitrated?

• Dinitro methyl benzoate

• Para-nitro methyl benzoate

• Ortho-nitro methyl benzoate

• Meta-nitro methyl benzoate

Why does the NO2 group attach to the meta position in methyl benzoate?

• Because the ester group is electron-donating

• Because the benzene ring is electron-rich

• Because the carbonyl group is electron-withdrawing

• Because the reaction is carried out at high temperature

What is the role of sulfuric acid in the nitration of methyl benzoate?

• It neutralizes the reaction

• It acts as a catalyst

• It provides the nitronium ion

• It acts as a solvent

Which base can be used to remove the hydrogen in the nitration mechanism of methyl benzoate?

• Water

• Bisulfate ion

• Any of the above

• None of the above

What type of director is bromine in the nitration of bromobenzene?

• Activating director

• Deactivating director

• Meta director

• Ortho-para director

Which product is formed when bromobenzene is nitrated at the ortho position?

• Para-bromo nitrobenzene

• Dinitro bromobenzene

• Meta-bromo nitrobenzene

• Ortho-bromo nitrobenzene

What is the charge on the orthocarbon during the nitration of bromobenzene?

• Negative

• Double positive

• Positive

• Neutral

In the para-bromo nitrobenzene formation, what happens to the pi bond?

• It shifts to form a new bond

• It breaks completely

• It forms a triple bond

• It remains unchanged

What is the final charge on the bromine atom in para-bromo nitrobenzene?

• Double negative

• Neutral

• Negative

• Positive

Which of the following is true about the NO2 group in para-bromo nitrobenzene?

• It has a positive charge on nitrogen

• It has a negative charge on nitrogen

• It has a positive charge on oxygen

• It is neutral