Surfing: History and Cultural Significance

Surfing, originating in Polynesia, holds deep cultural significance in Hawaii, governed by kapu. Despite challenges from colonization and disease, surfing persisted and spread globally. Key figures like George Freeth and Duke Kahanamoku popularized it overseas. Today, surfing is a global industry, though many traditions are preserved by Hawaiians.

Where did modern surfing originate?

• Polynesian islands

• Australia

• California

• Hawaii

What was the spiritual and social code governing surfing in Hawaii called?

• Alaia

• Olo

• Kapu

• Kahuna

Which type of surfboard was exclusively used by Hawaiian chieftains?

• Paipo

• Alaia

• Shortboard

• Olo

Who described surfing in 1777?

• Captain Cook

• Duke Kahanamoku

• William Anderson

• George Freeth

What was the main reason American missionaries discouraged surfing?

• It was not profitable

• It was too competitive

• It was seen as sinful

• It was dangerous

Who was known as the 'Hawaiian Wonder'?

• Duke Kahanamoku

• George Freeth

• Alexander Hume Ford

• William Anderson

What was Alexander Hume Ford's motive for promoting surfing?

• To preserve Hawaiian culture

• To attract white Americans to Hawaii

• To make Hawaii a tourist destination

• To compete in international events

In what year did Hawaii become a U.S. state?

• 1959

• 1907

• 1914

• 1893

What is the current status of surfing as an industry?

• A niche hobby

• A multi-billion dollar global industry

• A declining pastime

• A small local sport

What aspect of Hawaiian surfing culture is still preserved today?

• Exclusive surf breaks for elites

• Kapu code

• Finless surfboards

• Wave chants and board carving rituals