Autonomic nervous system Overview

The video provides an overview of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), focusing on its sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. It explains the 2-neuron pathway pattern, detailing the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons. The embryological development of the ANS is discussed, highlighting the role of neural crest cells in forming peripheral nerve ganglia. The video also covers the functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, including their effects on cardiac and smooth muscle.

What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?

• To prepare the body for 'fight or flight'

• To promote rest and digest

• To decrease heart rate

• To increase digestion

Which part of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for 'rest and digest' activities?

• Parasympathetic

• Central

• Enteric

• Sympathetic

In the 2-neuron pathway of the ANS, where does the preganglionic neuron originate?

• Target organ

• Central nervous system

• Sympathetic chain

• Peripheral ganglion

Where do the postganglionic parasympathetic neurons arise?

• Dorsal root ganglia

• Intramural ganglia

• Preaortic ganglia

• Sympathetic chain

What do neural crest cells become during the development of the autonomic nervous system?

• Only dorsal root ganglia

• Only intramural ganglia

• Only sympathetic chain ganglia

• Various peripheral nerve ganglia

Which ganglia are associated with the sympathetic nervous system?

• Cranial ganglia

• Dorsal root ganglia

• Intramural ganglia

• Preaortic and paravertebral ganglia

What is the origin of preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system?

• T1 to L2 spinal cord levels

• Brainstem

• S2 to S4 spinal cord levels

• Cranial nerves