The video explores the unique defense mechanism of spitting cobras, which evolved to eject venom at threats, particularly targeting the eyes. This adaptation is linked to the evolutionary pressure exerted by hominins, who posed a significant threat to these snakes. The venom of spitting cobras is distinct, containing toxins that enhance pain rather than lethality, and this trait evolved independently in different snake lineages. The video also discusses the historical context of these evolutionary changes, suggesting a correlation between the emergence of bipedal hominins and the development of venom spitting in cobras.

What is the primary target of spitting cobras when they eject their venom?

• The mouth

• The skin

• The ears

• The eyes

Which enzyme is notably increased in spitting cobra venom to enhance its pain-inducing effect?

• Phospholipase A2

• Protease

• Amylase

• Lipase

What evolutionary concept explains the independent development of similar traits in different species?

• Adaptive radiation

• Parallel evolution

• Convergent evolution

• Divergent evolution

What defensive strategy do apes use that might have influenced the evolution of venom spitting in cobras?

• Mobbing

• Camouflage

• Burrowing

• Hibernation

The evolution of venom spitting in cobras is hypothesized to coincide with the emergence of which group?

• Hominins

• Birds

• Reptiles

• Dinosaurs