Political Philosophy Part 2: Wollstonecraft, Bentham, Mill, and Marx

The video explores the evolution of political philosophy from the 18th to the 19th century, highlighting key figures like Mary Wollstonecraft, Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. Wollstonecraft critiqued the male-dominated philosophical theories of her time, advocating for women's rights. Bentham introduced utilitarianism, focusing on maximizing happiness. Mill expanded on Bentham's ideas, emphasizing individual freedom and social reform. Marx critiqued capitalism, introducing concepts like alienation and historical materialism. These thinkers laid the groundwork for modern philosophical and political debates.

What was Mary Wollstonecraft's main critique of the philosophical theories of her time?

• They were overly simplistic.

• They ignored the importance of science.

• They were biased towards male perspectives.

• They were too focused on empirical evidence.

According to Jeremy Bentham, what should be the primary focus of legislation?

• Promoting religious values

• Maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain

• Ensuring equal rights for all

• Maximizing individual wealth

How did John Stuart Mill's view of utilitarianism differ from Bentham's?

• Mill focused on the quality of pleasures.

• Mill believed in maximizing wealth over happiness.

• Mill emphasized the importance of religious values.

• Mill rejected the idea of utilitarianism entirely.

What was one of John Stuart Mill's significant contributions to social reform?

• He promoted the idea of a monarchy.

• He supported the expansion of the British Empire.

• He advocated for women's right to vote.

• He proposed the abolition of all taxes.

What concept did Karl Marx introduce to explain the worker's disconnection from their labor?

• Utilitarianism

• Alienation

• Deontology

• Empiricism

According to Marx, what is the relationship between the proletariat and the bourgeois?

• The proletariat owns the means of production.

• The bourgeois are subjugated by the proletariat.

• The bourgeois exploit the proletariat.

• The proletariat and bourgeois are equal partners.

What did Marx believe would eventually happen as a result of class struggle?

• A peaceful coexistence between classes

• A revolution leading to communism

• The dominance of the bourgeois

• The complete eradication of all classes