TED: The path to ending ethnic conflicts | Stefan Wolff

The video discusses the decline in civil wars and ethnic conflicts over the past two decades, highlighting the importance of leadership, diplomacy, and institutional design in achieving sustainable peace. It examines recent conflicts, positive trends in conflict reduction, and provides case studies of successful and failed peace processes. The video emphasizes the need for capable leadership and effective diplomacy to prevent and resolve conflicts, and stresses the importance of learning from past experiences to ensure a peaceful future.

What are the three key factors identified as crucial in reducing ethnic conflicts and civil wars?

• Cultural exchange, trade agreements, and tourism

• Leadership, diplomacy, and institutional design

• Military intervention, economic sanctions, and media coverage

• Technology, education, and healthcare

Which conflict saw a resurgence of violence in August 2008?

• Iraq

• Sri Lanka

• Kenya

• Georgia

What was the outcome of the contested presidential elections in Kenya in 2007?

• International intervention

• Economic growth

• High levels of inter-ethnic violence

• Peaceful transition of power

What trend has been observed in the number of civil wars since the early 1990s?

• Fluctuating numbers with no clear trend

• No change in the number of civil wars

• A decrease in the number of civil wars

• An increase in the number of civil wars

Which year recorded the lowest number of combatant casualties in civil wars?

• 2005

• 2003

• 2001

• 1998

What was a key factor in the success of the Northern Ireland peace process?

• Military intervention

• Economic sanctions

• Commitment to peaceful means

• Cultural exchange programs

Which country's civil war ended in 2003, illustrating the importance of leadership, diplomacy, and institutional design?

• Liberia

• Sri Lanka

• Sudan

• Kosovo

What was a major shortcoming of the Oslo Accords in resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

• Lack of international support

• Failure to cover all necessary issues

• Excessive military intervention

• Economic instability

What is essential for the prevention and settlement of ethnic conflicts and civil wars?

• Natural resources

• Automatic processes

• Technological advancements

• Capable and visionary leadership

What is the most critical lesson for achieving sustainable peace?

• Local commitment alone is sufficient

• Diplomacy and institutional design can replace local efforts

• Investing in developing leaders is crucial

• Economic growth guarantees peace