Myasthenia Gravis | Pathophysiology, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

The video provides a comprehensive overview of myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junctions, leading to muscle weakness. It covers the pathophysiology, where autoantibodies target acetylcholine receptors, causing symptoms like fluctuating muscle weakness, especially in ocular muscles. The video discusses diagnostic methods, including antibody tests and imaging, and outlines treatment options such as anticholinesterase inhibitors and thymectomy. It also highlights the progression from ocular to generalized myasthenia gravis and the potential for myasthenic crises.

What is the prevalence of Myasthenia Gravis in North America?

• 1 in 10000 people

• 1 in 5000 people

• 1 in 1000 people

• 1 in 2000 people

Which type of hypersensitivity is Myasthenia Gravis classified as?

• Type 4

• Type 3

• Type 2

• Type 1

What do autoantibodies in Myasthenia Gravis target?

• Dopamine receptors

• GABA receptors

• Serotonin receptors

• Acetylcholine receptors

What symptom is commonly seen in the afternoon and evening in Myasthenia Gravis patients?

• Enhanced vision

• Decreased fatigue

• Increased muscle weakness

• Improved muscle strength

Which muscle group is often initially affected in Myasthenia Gravis?

• Leg muscles

• Arm muscles

• Extraocular muscles

• Abdominal muscles

What is a myasthenic crisis?

• A sudden improvement in muscle strength

• A severe headache

• Weakness affecting respiratory muscles

• A temporary loss of vision

Which class of Myasthenia Gravis involves only ocular muscle weakness?

• Class 3

• Class 4

• Class 2

• Class 1

What is the primary method for diagnosing Myasthenia Gravis?

• Ultrasound

• X-ray

• Blood test for autoantibodies

• MRI scan

Which medication is commonly used to treat Myasthenia Gravis?

• Aspirin

• Pyridostigmine

• Ibuprofen

• Paracetamol

What surgical procedure might be curative for some Myasthenia Gravis patients?

• Cholecystectomy

• Lobectomy

• Appendectomy

• Thymectomy