Understanding ABO Blood Groups and Alleles

The video tutorial explains the importance of matching blood types during transfusions to prevent clumping, which can be fatal. It introduces the ABO blood group system, determined by markers on red blood cells, resulting in four blood types: A, B, AB, and O. The tutorial discusses alleles, genotypes, and phenotypes, highlighting the dominance of IA and IB alleles over IO. It explains how different combinations of alleles determine blood types and introduces the concept of codominance, where both IA and IB alleles are expressed equally, resulting in the AB blood type. The video concludes with a recap of these concepts.

What are the four different blood types determined by the ABO blood group system?

Explain the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes.

What does it mean for IA and IB alleles to be dominant, and how does this affect blood type expression?

Describe the concept of codominance in relation to blood types.

How do the combinations of alleles determine an individual's blood group?