Gcse Pe Paper 1- Understanding Spirometer Traces

The video tutorial explains spirometry, a method to measure lung volumes: tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume. Tidal volume is the air exchanged in a normal breath. Inspiratory reserve volume is the extra air inhaled after a normal breath, while expiratory reserve volume is the extra air exhaled. Residual volume is the air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation. During exercise, tidal volume increases, reducing inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes, but residual volume remains constant.

Describe the significance of residual volume in the lungs.

How do the spirometry traces change during exercise?