Android Security Architecture

The video tutorial explains the structure of the Android operating system, focusing on its five layers. It starts with the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) on top of the Linux kernel, which facilitates communication between the Android platform and hardware. The next layer includes libraries and runtime, providing a bridge between the kernel and application framework. The Android framework layer offers essential services and APIs for application development. Finally, the application layer is where end-user applications operate, utilizing the API libraries and runtime environment.

Explain the function of the virtual machine in the Android operating system.

What is the relationship between the application layer and the end user in Android?