Idealism Part 1: Berkeley and Kant

The video tutorial explores the development of idealism, starting with George Berkeley's critique of dualism and his idealist theory, which posits that the material world is not real but exists as ideas perceived by minds. It then delves into Immanuel Kant's transcendental idealism, which integrates empirical and rational realms through necessary conditions for knowledge. Kant's ethical theory emphasizes moral law and freedom, advocating for actions that are universalizable. The tutorial also critiques Kant's anthropological writings for their lack of scientific rigor and inherent biases.

Discuss the relationship between freedom and moral responsibility according to Kant.

What is deontology, and how does it relate to Kant's ethical philosophy?

How did Kant's views on reason and ethics reflect his criticism of previous philosophical schools?