Transgenic Animals and Genetic Engineering Insights

The video tutorial discusses transgenic animals, focusing on how they are created through genome alteration and DNA microinjection. It explains the process of cloning transgenic animals and DNA cloning using human and bacterial cells. The tutorial presents arguments for transgenesis, highlighting its benefits in agriculture, human health, and conservation. It also addresses the ethical and societal concerns against transgenesis, such as animal rights and the potential for genetic manipulation in humans.

What is a transgenic animal?

• An animal that has been selectively bred for specific traits

• An animal that has been cloned

• An animal whose genome has been altered by transferring genes from another species

• An animal with a naturally occurring mutation

What is the most common method used to create transgenic animals?

• Selective breeding

• DNA microinjection

• Natural mutation

• Gene editing

In the process of cloning a transgenic animal, what is microinjected into enucleated eggs?

• Restriction enzymes

• Plasmids

• Human DNA

• 2N nuclei from adult transgenic cow cells

What role do restriction enzymes play in DNA cloning?

• They transport DNA into host cells

• They replicate DNA

• They cut DNA to isolate specific genes

• They join DNA fragments together

Which ethical principle is often used to justify transgenesis?

• Virtue ethics

• Utilitarianism

• Deontology

• Natural law

How can transgenic animals contribute to agricultural efficiency?

• By reducing the need for fertilizers

• By increasing the number of animals

• By decreasing the size of farms

• By increasing the ratio of outputs to inputs

What is one potential benefit of transgenic animals to human health?

• Increased lifespan

• Higher levels of omega-3 in genetically engineered pigs

• Enhanced physical abilities

• Cure for all diseases

How might cloning be useful for endangered species?

• By retaining genetic diversity

• By increasing their population size

• By making them immune to all diseases

• By allowing them to adapt to any environment

What is a common argument against transgenesis?

• It is too slow

• It is not effective

• It is unnatural and violates ethical principles

• It is too expensive

What concern has the International Olympic Committee expressed regarding genetic engineering?

• It could make sports less popular

• It could lead to unfair advantages in sports

• It could make athletes less healthy

• It could reduce the number of athletes