Decoding DNA Structure and Function Through Nucleotides and Base Pairing

The video explains DNA's structure, focusing on nucleotides and complementary base pairing. It describes how DNA's double helix is formed by two strands of nucleotides, each consisting of a phosphate, sugar, and base. The bases pair specifically (A with T, C with G) to hold the strands together. The genetic code is a sequence of bases that codes for proteins, with each triplet of bases coding for a specific amino acid. Proteins, formed from amino acids, have unique shapes and functions, including acting as enzymes, hormones, and structural components.

What is the shape of DNA called?

• Quadruple helix

• Single helix

• Double helix

• Triple helix

What are the building blocks of DNA called?

• Lipids

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

• Proteins

Which of the following is NOT a base found in DNA?

• Adenine

• Cytosine

• Thymine

• Uracil

How do nucleotides link together in a DNA strand?

• By forming ionic bonds

• Via phosphate-sugar bonds

• By sharing electrons

• Through hydrogen bonds

What forms the protective outer casing of a DNA strand?

• Base pairs

• Proteins

• Sugar-phosphate backbone

• Amino acids

Which base pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Guanine

• Cytosine

What is the complementary sequence for the DNA strand AGT?

• GTC

• CAG

• TGC

• TCA

What is a triplet in the context of genetic code?

• A group of three nucleotides

• A group of three amino acids

• A group of three lipids

• A group of three proteins

What do triplets in DNA code for?

• Carbohydrates

• Amino acids

• Lipids

• Proteins

Which of the following is a function of proteins in cells?

• Storing genetic information

• Carrying oxygen

• Acting as enzymes

• Providing energy