Prokaryotic Cells Versus Eukaryotic Cells: Key Differences and Structures

The video tutorial by Miss Esterick covers the essential features of prokaryotic cells for A-Level Biology. It highlights the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, focusing on the absence of membrane-bound organelles in prokaryotes, the presence of smaller 70S ribosomes, and the lack of a nucleus. The tutorial also explains the composition of prokaryotic cell walls, which contain murine, and discusses additional structures like plasmids, capsules, and flagella. The video aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of prokaryotic cells, using bacteria as a primary example.

What is a key structural difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

• Eukaryotic cells lack ribosomes.

• Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

Which of the following organelles is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?

• Cell wall

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosomes

• Mitochondria

What is the size of ribosomes found in prokaryotic cells?

• 80S

• 70S

• 60S

• 50S

In eukaryotic cells, where can 70S ribosomes be found?

• In the Golgi apparatus

• In mitochondria and chloroplasts

• In the cytoplasm

• In the nucleus

How is DNA organized in prokaryotic cells?

• Linear DNA with a nuclear envelope

• Circular DNA without histone proteins

• Linear chromosomes with histone proteins

• Circular DNA with histone proteins

What is the main component of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?

• Cellulose

• Chitin

• Lignin

• Murine

What is a plasmid?

• A protein found in the cell wall

• A small loop of additional DNA

• A type of ribosome

• A type of flagellum

What is the function of a capsule in some prokaryotic cells?

• To assist in cell division

• To aid in photosynthesis

• To protect against desiccation and immune response

• To store nutrients

What is the role of flagella in prokaryotic cells?

• To conduct photosynthesis

• To aid in movement

• To provide structural support

• To synthesize proteins

Which structure is not found in all prokaryotic cells?

• Ribosomes

• Plasmids

• Cell membrane

• Cytoplasm