The Rise of Edward III and the Hundred Years' War

The Hundred Years' War began in 1337 when Edward III claimed the French throne, leading to a prolonged conflict between England and France. The war, lasting 116 years, was marked by significant battles like Crecy and Agincourt, and phases such as the Edwardian and Caroline phases. Key figures included Edward III, the Black Prince, and Henry V. The war saw periods of truce and resumed hostilities, influenced by events like the Black Death. Joan of Arc's involvement was pivotal in the latter stages, leading to the eventual French victory. The war fostered a sense of English identity and marked a shift in language and national perception.

What was the primary reason Edward III claimed the French throne?

• He was the son of the French king.

• He was married to a French princess.

• He was elected by the French nobility.

• His claim came through his mother, Isabella.

Which battle marked the first major conflict of the Hundred Years' War?

• Battle of Agincourt

• Battle of Poitiers

• Battle of Sloyse

• Battle of Crecy

What was a significant consequence of the Black Death during the war?

• It led to the immediate end of the war.

• It caused a temporary halt in major military campaigns.

• It resulted in the French king's capture.

• It allowed England to gain more territories.

What was the outcome of the Treaty of Bretigny?

• Edward III gained significant French territories.

• The French king was released without ransom.

• Edward III became the king of France.

• The war ended permanently.

Who was the Black Prince and what was his role in the war?

• A French noble who betrayed his king.

• Edward III's son who led a devastating campaign in France.

• A Scottish ally of the English.

• A Spanish mercenary hired by the English.

What was the significance of the Battle of Agincourt?

• It was a decisive English victory despite being outnumbered.

• It was a major French victory.

• It resulted in the capture of the English king.

• It marked the end of the Hundred Years' War.

What did the Treaty of Troyes establish?

• Henry V as the regent and heir to the French throne.

• A permanent peace between England and France.

• The end of the Hundred Years' War.

• The release of all French prisoners.

Who was Joan of Arc and what was her impact on the war?

• An English spy who betrayed France.

• A military leader who inspired French victories.

• A French queen who negotiated peace.

• A Spanish ally who supported the English.

What marked the end of the Hundred Years' War?

• The death of the French king.

• The capture of the English king.

• The Battle of Castillon and the loss of English territories.

• The signing of a peace treaty.

What was a significant legacy of the Hundred Years' War for England?

• The establishment of French as the official language.

• The unification of England and France under one crown.

• The fostering of a distinct English identity.

• The permanent loss of all French territories.