Puritan Divisions and the Great Migration to Massachusetts Bay

In the early 17th century, the Puritan community split into separatists and non-separatists. Separatists fled to the New World, while non-separatists stayed in England, hoping to reform the church. Under King Charles I, non-separatists faced increased pressure and migrated to the New World, forming the Massachusetts Bay Company. The Great Migration saw thousands settle in New England, with the Massachusetts Bay Colony becoming a major settlement. The colony's governance was based on a practical democracy, with John Winthrop as its first governor. Winthrop envisioned a holy society, outlined in his sermon 'A Model of Christian Charity,' aiming to create a model Christian community.

What was the main difference between separatist and non-separatist Puritans?

• Separatists saw themselves as different from English society.

• Non-separatists were not interested in religious reform.

• Separatists wanted to reform the church from within.

• Non-separatists fled to the New World immediately.

What event in 1629 increased pressure on non-separatist Puritans to leave England?

• The death of King James I

• The start of the English Civil War

• The dismissal of Parliament by King Charles I

• The signing of the Magna Carta

What was the purpose of the Great Migration?

• To escape religious persecution in England

• To find new trade routes

• To explore uncharted territories

• To establish a military presence in the New World

What was the primary reason for the success of the Massachusetts Bay Colony compared to earlier colonies?

• They made careful preparations and had a steady flow of new settlers.

• They had better relations with Native Americans.

• They had a more favorable climate for farming.

• They discovered gold in the region.

How did the Massachusetts Bay Colony utilize its natural resources?

• By establishing mills and developing the fishing industry

• By trading with the Spanish colonies

• By mining for precious metals

• By focusing solely on agriculture

Who was allowed to vote and hold office in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

• All male settlers

• Anyone over the age of 21

• Only landowners

• Male church members called freemen

What was John Winthrop's role in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

• He was the founder of the Plymouth Colony.

• He was the chief architect.

• He was the first governor.

• He was the leader of the separatist Puritans.

What was the significance of the Massachusetts Bay Charter?

• It served as a constitution for the colony.

• It was a peace treaty with Native Americans.

• It was a trade agreement with England.

• It granted independence from the British crown.

What was the main message of John Winthrop's sermon, 'A Model of Christian Charity'?

• To encourage economic prosperity

• To outline God's purpose for the colony

• To promote religious tolerance

• To declare independence from England

What did John Winthrop mean by describing the colony as 'a city set on a hill'?

• The colony should be a model of Christian virtue.

• The colony was located on a hill.

• The colony was isolated from other settlements.

• The colony was built on high moral ground.