DNA Replication and Analysis Concepts

The video tutorial covers DNA replication, explaining its significance in reproduction, growth, and repair. It details the replication mechanism, emphasizing complementary base pairing and semiconservative replication. Key enzymes like helicase and DNA polymerase are discussed. The video also introduces PCR, highlighting its role in DNA amplification, and gel electrophoresis, which separates DNA by length. Applications such as virus testing and paternity testing are explored, demonstrating practical uses of these techniques.

What is the primary purpose of DNA replication?

• To create a new organism

• To produce an exact copy of a DNA strand

• To destroy old DNA strands

• To change the genetic sequence

Which base pairs with adenine during DNA replication?

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Guanine

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

• To synthesize RNA

• To form new hydrogen bonds

• To separate parent strands by breaking hydrogen bonds

• To add new nucleotides

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

• To replicate RNA

• To break hydrogen bonds

• To add free nucleotides to a new DNA strand

• To unwind the DNA helix

What does PCR stand for?

• Polymerase Chain Reaction

• Protein Chain Reaction

• Polymerase Cell Replication

• Protein Cell Replication

Why is Tac polymerase used in PCR?

• It is more accurate than human DNA polymerase

• It is faster than other polymerases

• It is heat-tolerant and can withstand high temperatures

• It is cheaper than human DNA polymerase

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

• To amplify DNA samples

• To separate DNA fragments based on length

• To replicate RNA

• To synthesize proteins

How does gel electrophoresis separate DNA fragments?

• By weight

• By length

• By charge

• By color

What are short tandem repeats used for in paternity testing?

• To establish biological relationships

• To amplify DNA samples

• To determine the length of DNA fragments

• To identify genetic mutations

In paternity testing, what is compared to determine the father of a child?

• The entire genome

• The mitochondrial DNA

• The number of chromosomes

• The short tandem repeats