Understanding Melanin and Its Functions

Melanin is a pigment produced by melanocytes, affecting skin, hair, and eye color. Its levels vary due to sun exposure, genetics, and other factors. Melanin protects against UV rays, reducing skin cancer risk and delaying aging. It also influences hair and eye color, with red hair and blue eyes being rare. Melanin's protective role is crucial, especially with increasing UV exposure due to ozone depletion.

What is the primary function of melanin in the human body?

• To provide energy

• To give color to skin, hair, and eyes

• To aid in digestion

• To regulate body temperature

Which of the following factors does NOT affect melanin levels?

• Genetic makeup

• Diet

• Sun exposure

• Size of melanocytes

What is the chemical formula of melanin?

• NaCl

• H2O

• C6H12O6

• C18H10N2O4

Which form of melanin is brownish in color?

• Pheomelanin

• Chlorophyll

• Carotene

• Eumelanin

How does melanin protect the skin from UV rays?

• By reflecting UV rays

• By absorbing UV rays

• By cooling the skin

• By thickening the skin

What is a potential consequence of using skin-lightening products?

• Improved skin elasticity

• Skin protection enhancement

• Destruction of melanin

• Increased melanin production

What causes hair to turn gray?

• Lack of vitamin D

• Increased melanin production

• Death of melanocyte stem cells

• Excessive sun exposure

Which enzyme breaks down hydrogen peroxide in hair follicles?

• Amylase

• Lipase

• Catalase

• Protease

Which eye color has the least amount of melanin?

• Brown

• Green

• Hazel

• Blue

What is the primary role of melanin in the eyes?

• To improve night vision

• To protect against electromagnetic radiation

• To enhance vision

• To change eye color