DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial explains the structure and function of nucleic acids, focusing on DNA and RNA. It covers the composition of nucleotides, the base pairing rules, and the differences between DNA and RNA. The tutorial also highlights the directionality of DNA strands and the specific hydrogen bonding between bases.

What are DNA and RNA primarily composed of?

• Carbohydrates

• Fatty acids

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

Which component is NOT part of a nucleotide?

• Pentose sugar

• Nitrogenous base

• Phosphate group

• Lipid chain

Which type of base has two fused rings?

• Phosphate

• Purine

• Pyrimidine

• Pentose

In DNA, which base does adenine pair with?

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Thymine

What replaces thymine in RNA?

• Uracil

• Adenine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

What is the directionality of DNA?

• 3' to 5'

• 5' to 3'

• 2' to 4'

• 1' to 6'

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine?

• Two

• Three

• One

• Four

What is the role of hydrogen bonds in DNA?

• To store genetic information

• To provide energy

• To stabilize the double helix

• To catalyze reactions