Ecological Roles and Species Significance

The lecture covers ecologically significant species, including keystone, flagship, umbrella, foundation, and indicator species. Keystone species like starfish and dugong play critical roles in maintaining ecosystem balance. Flagship species serve as symbols for habitats, such as the one-horned rhino in Kaziranga. Umbrella species, like elephants, require large habitats, leading to broader ecosystem protection. Foundation species, such as coral reefs, create habitats for other species. Indicator species, like coral reefs and canary birds, signal environmental changes.

What is the primary role of ecologically significant species in an ecosystem?

• To promote human activities

• To reduce biodiversity

• To maintain ecological balance

• To increase the population of predators

Why is the starfish considered a keystone species?

• It is a primary producer in the ocean

• It provides food for all marine animals

• It controls the population of mussels, allowing other species to thrive

• It is the largest species in the ocean

What role does the dugong play in its ecosystem?

• It pollinates underwater plants

• It is a primary food source for sharks

• It cleans marine grass, providing space for other species

• It acts as a predator to small fish

What characteristic makes a species a flagship species?

• Its large population size

• Its role as a symbol for a specific habitat

• Its ability to adapt to various environments

• Its ability to migrate long distances

Which animal is considered a flagship species for Kaziranga National Park?

• One-horned Rhino

• Indian Peacock

• Asian Elephant

• Bengal Tiger

What defines an umbrella species?

• Species that are the largest in their ecosystem

• Species that are found only in one location

• Species that are primary producers

• Species that have a large geographical range and require large areas for survival

Why are elephants considered umbrella species?

• They are the largest land animals

• They are a primary food source for predators

• They migrate across large areas, protecting entire ecosystems

• They are known for their intelligence

What is the role of foundation species in an ecosystem?

• To act as predators

• To form the base of the ecosystem, allowing other species to thrive

• To migrate and spread seeds

• To provide shelter for humans

How do coral reefs act as indicator species?

• They change color in response to ocean acidification

• They increase in size when pollution is present

• They produce more algae in polluted waters

• They migrate to cleaner waters

What is the significance of canary birds in coal mines?

• They provide food for miners

• They are used for decoration

• They detect poisonous gases by showing distress

• They help in ventilation