Cellular Respiration and Glycolysis Concepts

This video introduces cellular respiration, focusing on ATP production in cells. It covers the processes of oxidation and reduction, anaerobic and aerobic respiration, and provides a detailed explanation of glycolysis. The video is designed for IB Biology students and highlights the importance of mitochondria in energy production.

What is the primary role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?

• To transport oxygen throughout the cell

• To break down proteins into amino acids

• To produce energy in the form of ATP

• To store energy in the form of glucose

Which process involves the loss of electrons from a substance?

• Hydrolysis

• Phosphorylation

• Oxidation

• Reduction

In anaerobic respiration, what is pyruvate converted into in humans?

• Ethanol

• Carbon dioxide

• Lactic acid

• Water

What is the main difference between anaerobic and aerobic respiration?

• Aerobic respiration produces lactic acid, while anaerobic produces ethanol.

• Anaerobic respiration requires oxygen, while aerobic does not.

• Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration.

• Anaerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria, while aerobic occurs in the cytoplasm.

What is the initial phase of glycolysis primarily responsible for?

• Producing a large amount of ATP

• Converting oxygen into carbon dioxide

• Breaking down pyruvate into glucose

• Using energy to rearrange glucose into fructose

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules?

• 4 ATP

• 2 ATP

• 6 ATP

• 8 ATP

Which enzyme is responsible for transferring a phosphate to fructose during glycolysis?

• Hexokinase

• Phosphofructokinase

• Aldolase

• Pyruvate kinase

What is the final product of glycolysis?

• Fructose

• Glucose

• Lactic acid

• Pyruvate

What is the role of NAD+ in glycolysis?

• It donates electrons to glucose.

• It accepts electrons to form NADH.

• It breaks down ATP into ADP.

• It converts pyruvate into lactic acid.

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

• ATP

• NADH

• Pyruvate

• Oxygen