Population Genetics and Evolution Concepts

The video tutorial explores the concepts of speciation, focusing on gradualism and punctuated equilibrium models. It distinguishes between macroevolution and microevolution, highlighting their impact on species over time. The tutorial delves into natural selection, genetic drift, and their roles in evolution, using examples like the peppered moth. It also covers the bottleneck and founder effects, explaining how they affect genetic diversity. Finally, the video discusses gene flow and mutation, emphasizing their importance in evolutionary processes.

Which model of speciation suggests that species remain unchanged for long periods and then evolve rapidly?

• Gradualism

• Punctuated Equilibrium

• Convergent Evolution

• Divergent Evolution

What is the primary focus of macroevolution?

• Behavioral adaptations

• Changes in allele frequencies

• Long-term events that create and destroy species

• Short-term genetic variations

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can change allele frequencies in a population?

• Natural Selection

• Photosynthesis

• Genetic Drift

• Gene Flow

Which factor is the only one that generally adapts a population to its environment?

• Genetic Drift

• Gene Flow

• Natural Selection

• Mutation

What is the bottleneck effect?

• A random mutation in a population

• A process where a new population is started by a few individuals

• The migration of individuals between populations

• A drastic reduction in population size due to a disaster

What is the founder effect?

• The blending of two populations into one

• A mutation that spreads through a population

• A new population is started by a few individuals

• A large population is reduced to a few individuals

What happens to a population's genetic diversity after a bottleneck event?

• It increases significantly

• It decreases significantly

• It becomes more diverse

• It remains unchanged

How does gene flow affect genetic diversity between populations?

• It reduces differences between populations

• It causes populations to become extinct

• It increases diversity within a single population

• It has no effect on genetic diversity

What is the primary source of genetic variation in a population?

• Natural Selection

• Genetic Drift

• Gene Flow

• Mutation

Which of the following is an example of co-evolution?

• A species evolving due to a change in climate

• Two species evolving together, influencing each other's adaptations

• A mutation spreading through a population

• A population bottleneck reducing genetic diversity