Atomic Radius and Ionic Size Concepts

The video tutorial discusses atomic and ionic radius, two key trends in chemistry. Atomic radius is defined as half the distance between identical atoms and decreases across a period while increasing down a group. This is due to the addition of protons and energy levels. Ionic radius is more complex, involving cations and anions. Cations lose electrons, resulting in a smaller radius, while anions gain electrons, increasing the radius due to electron repulsion. The tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of these concepts and their trends.

What is the atomic radius defined as?

• Half the distance between identical atoms

• The full distance between two different atoms

• The distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron

• The distance between two electrons in an atom

How does the atomic radius change as you move across a period?

• It decreases

• It remains constant

• It increases

• It fluctuates randomly

Why does the atomic radius decrease across a period?

• Because of decreasing nuclear charge

• Because of added energy levels

• Due to increasing nuclear charge

• Due to electron repulsion

What happens to the atomic radius as you move down a group?

• It fluctuates

• It remains the same

• It decreases

• It increases

What is the main difference between cations and anions?

• Cations gain electrons, anions lose electrons

• Cations lose electrons, anions gain electrons

• Cations and anions both gain electrons

• Cations and anions both lose electrons

How does losing electrons affect the size of a cation?

• It fluctuates in size

• It becomes smaller

• It remains the same

• It becomes larger

Why do cations have a smaller radius than their neutral atoms?

• Due to increased electron repulsion

• Because of decreased nuclear charge

• Because of added energy levels

• Due to increased nuclear charge

What causes anions to have a larger radius than their neutral atoms?

• Increased electron repulsion

• Decreased electron repulsion

• Increased nuclear charge

• Decreased nuclear charge

How does gaining electrons affect the size of an anion?

• It becomes smaller

• It remains the same

• It becomes larger

• It fluctuates in size

What happens to the ionic radius of an anion as it gains more electrons?

• It increases

• It fluctuates

• It decreases

• It remains constant