Biological Macromolecules and Their Functions

The video introduces biomolecules, focusing on carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are categorized into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides, each with specific examples and functions. Lipids, including fats and oils, are discussed in terms of their structure and energy provision. Proteins are highlighted for their complex structure and essential roles in the body. Finally, nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, are explained for their genetic significance.

Which of the following elements is not found in carbohydrates?

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

What is the basic structural unit of carbohydrates?

• Nucleotide

• Polysaccharide

• Disaccharide

• Monosaccharide

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

• Galactose

• Glucose

• Fructose

• Sucrose

What is the main storage form of glucose in plants?

• Glycogen

• Starch

• Sucrose

• Cellulose

What is the state of lipids at room temperature when they are called fats?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Which component is not part of a fat molecule?

• Phosphate

• Fatty acid

• Carbon

• Glycerol

How many essential amino acids must be consumed daily?

• 5

• 10

• 20

• 15

Proteins can act as which of the following?

• Enzymes

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleotides

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

• Monosaccharide

• Fatty acid

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

Which nucleic acid is responsible for genetic characteristics?

• RNA

• GTP

• ATP

• DNA