Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis

The video tutorial covers protein synthesis, explaining the central dogma of genetics, which involves transcription and translation processes. It highlights the importance of proteins in biological functions and describes the roles of different types of RNA. The transcription process involves copying DNA into mRNA, while translation involves converting mRNA into proteins using ribosomes and tRNA. The tutorial emphasizes the significance of understanding these processes for comprehending how proteins are synthesized in cells.

What is the central dogma of genetics?

• Protein to RNA to DNA

• DNA to RNA to Protein

• DNA to Protein to RNA

• RNA to DNA to Protein

Which type of RNA carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome?

• sRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

• mRNA

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

• Brings amino acids to the ribosome

• Carries genetic instructions

• Synthesizes DNA

• Forms the ribosome

During transcription, what does RNA polymerase bind to?

• RNA primer

• RNA codon

• DNA promoter

• DNA terminator

In transcription, which base does adenine pair with in RNA?

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Guanine

What is the start codon for translation?

• UAG

• UGA

• AUG

• UAA

What is the function of a codon during translation?

• To bind RNA polymerase

• To form peptide bonds

• To signal the end of transcription

• To code for a specific amino acid

What is the role of the anticodon on tRNA?

• To synthesize DNA

• To initiate transcription

• To complement the mRNA codon

• To form the ribosome

Which amino acid does the codon AUG code for?

• Serine

• Cysteine

• Threonine

• Methionine

What happens when a stop codon is reached during translation?

• The ribosome releases the completed polypeptide

• The ribosome starts a new protein

• The ribosome disassembles

• The ribosome continues to add amino acids