Retrovirus Replication and Function

This video tutorial explains the unique characteristics of retroviruses, focusing on their replication process. Retroviruses are RNA viruses that use the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA into DNA, which is then integrated into the host cell's DNA. This integration allows the host cell to produce viral RNA and proteins, leading to the assembly of new viruses. The video details each step of this process, from the initial attachment of the retrovirus to the host cell to the release of new viruses, providing a comprehensive understanding of how retroviruses replicate.

What makes retroviruses unique among RNA viruses?

• They lack a protein coat.

• They can infect only plant cells.

• They possess the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

• They have a double-stranded RNA genome.

What is the function of the outer envelope of a retrovirus?

• To protect the viral DNA.

• To facilitate attachment and entry into the host cell.

• To produce viral proteins.

• To replicate the viral RNA.

During reverse transcription, what is the viral RNA used to create?

• Viral proteins

• Host cell RNA

• Host cell DNA

• Viral DNA

What role does integrase play in the retrovirus replication cycle?

• It synthesizes viral proteins.

• It forms the viral capsid.

• It integrates viral DNA into the host genome.

• It degrades viral RNA.

What is a provirus in the context of retrovirus replication?

• A virus that cannot replicate.

• A virus that has been neutralized by the immune system.

• A combination of host cell DNA and viral DNA.

• A virus that only infects plants.

How is viral RNA produced in the host cell?

• By reverse transcription of viral DNA.

• Through the process of translation.

• By replication of viral RNA.

• By normal transcription of integrated viral DNA.

What is the role of ribosomes in the retrovirus replication process?

• To integrate viral DNA into the host genome.

• To replicate viral RNA.

• To synthesize viral proteins.

• To degrade viral enzymes.

What happens to the viral proteins synthesized by the host cell's ribosomes?

• They are used to repair the host cell.

• They self-assemble into new retroviruses.

• They are degraded by the host cell.

• They integrate into the host cell's DNA.

What occurs during the release phase of the retrovirus replication cycle?

• The viral RNA is degraded.

• The viral DNA is integrated into the host genome.

• Immature retroviruses are released from the host cell.

• The host cell undergoes apoptosis.

What is the final outcome of the retrovirus replication cycle?

• The host cell is permanently altered.

• New mature retroviruses are formed and released.

• The viral DNA is removed from the host genome.

• The host cell becomes immune to further infections.