Retrovirus Replication and Function

The video tutorial explains the replication process of retroviruses, focusing on the conversion of the retrovirus genome from a positive-sense single-stranded RNA to a DNA-RNA hybrid using RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. This hybrid is then converted into double-stranded DNA, which integrates into the host's cellular DNA, forming a provirus. The provirus transcribes into mRNA, which is spliced and cleaved into monocystronic mRNA to form proteins. Some proteins function as viral enzymes, while polycistronic mRNA reforms the RNA genome, completing the replication cycle.

What is the initial form of the retrovirus genome?

• Double-stranded DNA

• Single-stranded RNA

• Double-stranded RNA

• Single-stranded DNA

Which enzyme is responsible for converting RNA into a DNA-RNA hybrid?

• RNA-dependent DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Reverse transcriptase

• DNA polymerase

Where does the conversion of the DNA-RNA hybrid into double-stranded DNA occur?

• In the host cell nucleus

• In the ribosome

• In the cytoplasm

• In the mitochondria

What is the term used for the viral DNA integrated into the host genome?

• Provirus

• Plasmid

• Capsid

• Nucleoid

What happens to the provirus after it is formed?

• It is degraded

• It transcribes into mRNA

• It forms a capsid

• It exits the host cell

What is the role of the viral reverse transcribing enzyme?

• To splice mRNA

• To convert mRNA into proteins

• To degrade host DNA

• To convert RNA into DNA

Which type of mRNA is cleaved into monosustronic mRNA?

• Polycistronic mRNA

• Host mRNA

• Monocistronic mRNA

• Viral mRNA

What is the final product of the retrovirus replication process?

• Double-stranded RNA

• Single-stranded DNA

• Double-stranded DNA

• Single-stranded RNA

Which of the following is NOT a host cell enzyme?

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Reverse transcriptase

• RNA-dependent DNA polymerase

What is the primary function of the proteins formed from monosustronic mRNA?

• To act as enzymes for replication

• To integrate into the host genome

• To degrade host mRNA

• To form the viral capsid