DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial discusses the bonds in a DNA molecule, focusing on the phosphodiester and hydrogen bonds. DNA is a genetic material composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base. Phosphodiester bonds connect adjacent nucleotides, forming a strong backbone. Hydrogen bonds link the two DNA strands, involving nitrogenous bases like adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. These bonds are crucial for DNA stability and replication. The video concludes with a recap of the key points.

What is the primary structure of DNA in most organisms?

• Double helical structure

• Single-stranded helix

• Quadruple helix

• Triple helix

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

• Phosphate group

• Sugar molecule

• Nitrogenous base

• Amino acid

What type of bond connects adjacent nucleotides in a DNA strand?

• Phosphodiester bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Covalent bond

• Ionic bond

Which bond is responsible for connecting the two strands of DNA?

• Ionic bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Phosphodiester bond

• Peptide bond

What is the role of phosphodiester bonds in DNA?

• Separating DNA strands

• Forming the double helix

• Connecting nitrogenous bases

• Linking adjacent nucleotides

Which nitrogenous bases are purines?

• Adenine and Thymine

• Thymine and Cytosine

• Cytosine and Guanine

• Adenine and Guanine

How many hydrogen bonds connect adenine and thymine?

• One

• Three

• Four

• Two

What happens to hydrogen bonds during DNA denaturation?

• They strengthen

• They convert to covalent bonds

• They break

• They form new bonds

Which nitrogenous bases pair together in DNA?

• Guanine with Thymine

• Adenine with Thymine

• Adenine with Cytosine

• Cytosine with Thymine

What is the mnemonic to remember the pairing of nitrogenous bases?

• ATCG

• ATGC

• CGTA

• GCTA