Volcanic Eruptions and Their Effects

Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's surface where magma erupts. Intense heat melts rocks into magma, which rises due to its lower density compared to surrounding rocks. When pressure builds, magma forces its way to the surface, becoming lava upon exiting the volcano. Eruptions release lava, ash, and gases, forming dramatic landscapes and new land. Over time, cooled lava shapes the volcano. Despite their destructive power, volcanoes are crucial in shaping our planet, offering insights into Earth's dynamic processes and the forces that continuously mold our world.

What is the primary reason magma rises towards the Earth's surface?

• It is pushed by tectonic plates.

• It is lighter than the surrounding rock.

• It is heavier than the surrounding rock.

• It is attracted by the Earth's core.

What happens to magma once it exits the volcano?

• It solidifies immediately.

• It evaporates.

• It becomes ash.

• It turns into lava.

Which of the following is NOT typically released during a volcanic eruption?

• Water

• Gases

• Ash

• Lava

How do volcanic eruptions contribute to the Earth's landscape?

• They create valleys.

• They erode mountains.

• They form new land and mountains.

• They flatten the terrain.

Why is it important to understand volcanoes?

• To predict weather patterns.

• To gain insight into Earth's dynamic processes.

• To find new mineral resources.

• To prevent earthquakes.