Genetic Engineering and PCR Quiz

What is the primary challenge in isolating a desired gene from the genome?

• The gene is often too large to isolate.

• Less than 2% of DNA codes for proteins.

• The genome is too unstable to work with.

• Genes are too similar to each other.

What role do restriction endonucleases play in genetic engineering?

• They synthesize new DNA strands.

• They cut DNA at specific sequences.

• They repair damaged DNA.

• They replicate RNA molecules.

How do sticky ends facilitate the insertion of a gene into a host genome?

• They make the gene more stable.

• They enable complementary base pairing.

• They allow the gene to be replicated.

• They prevent the gene from being degraded.

What is a major limitation of using restriction endonucleases?

• They are not specific to any gene.

• They are too expensive to use.

• They can only cut at specific sites.

• They require high temperatures to function.

What is the function of reverse transcriptase in genetic engineering?

• It converts DNA into RNA.

• It synthesizes proteins from RNA.

• It converts RNA back into DNA.

• It repairs damaged RNA.

Why is cDNA advantageous in genetic engineering?

• It is more resistant to degradation.

• It contains no introns.

• It is more stable than regular DNA.

• It is easier to sequence.

What is the first step in the PCR process?

• Annealing of primers.

• Elongation of DNA strands.

• Cooling the DNA sample.

• Separation of DNA strands.

What is the role of primers in PCR?

• They stabilize the DNA strands.

• They initiate DNA synthesis.

• They break hydrogen bonds.

• They denature the DNA.

Why is Taq polymerase used in PCR?

• It is more accurate than other polymerases.

• It is cheaper than other polymerases.

• It is stable at high temperatures.

• It works faster than other polymerases.

What is a common application of PCR in forensic science?

• Sequencing entire genomes.

• Amplifying DNA from small samples.

• Cloning entire organisms.

• Identifying genetic diseases.