The Mongol Empire

Before the Mongol Empire was formed, what were the primary roles of nomadic women in the East Asian Steppe?

• Specializing in mounted warfare and raiding.

• Managing migrations, livestock, and trade.

• Serving as religious leaders and shamans.

• Cultivating crops and establishing permanent settlements.

What was a key innovation implemented by Temujin (Genghis Khan) to strengthen his army and prevent internal dissent among conquered groups?

• He established a hereditary system for military leadership.

• He promoted soldiers based on merit and distributed spoils evenly.

• He allowed conquered groups to maintain their own separate armies.

• He focused solely on cavalry units, disbanding infantry.

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Which of the following best describes the Mongol Empire's approach to governance and culture in conquered territories?

• They imposed a single religion and language across the empire.

• They completely dismantled local political structures and replaced them with Mongol leaders.

• They allowed religious freedom and used local administrators, while relocating skilled artisans and scholars.

• They isolated conquered regions to prevent cultural exchange.

What was a primary reason for the eventual fragmentation of the Mongol Empire into separate entities?

• External invasions from European powers.

• Internal civil wars among Genghis Khan's descendants over succession.

• Widespread famine and disease across the empire.

• Rebellions by local populations against Mongol rule.