Muscular System

What is the primary function of muscle tissue in terms of energy conversion?

• Converting mechanical energy into chemical potential energy.

• Converting electrical energy into thermal energy.

• Converting chemical potential energy into mechanical energy.

• Converting thermal energy into electrical energy.

What are the three main types of muscle tissue found in the human body?

• Smooth, rough, and cardiac

• Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

• Voluntary, involuntary, and cardiac

• Striated, non-striated, and cardiac

Which of the following correctly describes the hierarchical organization of a skeletal muscle from smallest to largest?

• Myofibril -> Muscle fiber -> Fascicle -> Muscle

• Muscle fiber -> Myofibril -> Fascicle -> Muscle

• Fascicle -> Myofibril -> Muscle fiber -> Muscle

• Muscle -> Fascicle -> Muscle fiber -> Myofibril

What two proteins are primarily responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle cells?

• Troponin and Tropomyosin

• Actin and Myosin

• Collagen and Elastin

• Keratin and Fibrin

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What is the primary role of ATP in muscle cells?

• To store genetic information

• To act as a molecular currency containing chemical energy

• To transport oxygen

• To form the structural framework of the cell

What is the specialized function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

• Producing ATP

• Storing and releasing calcium ions

• Synthesizing proteins

• Transporting waste products

Which neurotransmitter is released by a motor neuron to initiate an action potential in a muscle cell?

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

• Acetylcholine

• GABA

What is the immediate effect of calcium ions being released into the muscle cell cytoplasm?

• They bind to tropomyosin, exposing myosin-binding sites on actin

• They bind to troponin, causing tropomyosin to move and expose myosin-binding sites on actin

• They directly bind to myosin heads, initiating the power stroke

• They activate ATP production in mitochondria