Plant Biology: Vascular Tissue and Functions

What caused the "Curly-top disease" that Dr. Katherine Esau studied in sugar beet plants?

• A type of fungus

• A bacterial infection

• A virus spread by insects

• Lack of essential nutrients

Dr. Esau discovered that the Curly-top virus moved through the plant using the same system that transports what?

• Water

• Oxygen

• Sugar

• Minerals

What is the waxy outer layer of a plant's epidermis called, and what is its main function?

• Stomata; allows gas exchange

• Cuticle; prevents water loss and virus entry

• Trichome; protects against herbivores

• Meristem; generates new cells

Which type of vascular tissue is responsible for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves?

• Phloem

• Xylem

• Ground tissue

• Dermal tissue

What are the primary functions of parenchyma cells in plants?

• Providing rigid support and protection

• Storing starch and performing photosynthesis

• Transporting water and minerals

• Allowing gas exchange through stomata

Which type of plant cell provides flexible structural support to parts of the plant that are still growing?

• Sclerenchyma

• Parenchyma

• Collenchyma

• Xylem

In a plant stem, which tissue is primarily responsible for moving water and nutrients from the roots up to the rest of the plant?

• Phloem

• Dermal tissue

• Xylem

• Ground tissue

What is the main role of the ground tissue (parenchyma) found in a plant leaf?

• Protecting the leaf from damage

• Transporting sugars to other parts of the plant

• Carrying out photosynthesis to produce food

• Anchoring the plant in the soil