WHII: T12: The Enlightenment CC

What was a significant event that occurred in Lisbon, Portugal, on All Saints' Day in 1755?

• A massive fire that destroyed the city's port.

• A devastating earthquake and tsunami.

• A major political uprising against the monarchy.

• A widespread plague that decimated the population.

What was the core belief of the Enlightenment, also known as the Age of Light?

• That traditional ideas should be preserved at all costs.

• That all knowledge comes from divine revelation.

• That old ideas needed to be exposed to rational investigation.

• That scientific theories were inherently superior to all other forms of thought.

Which of the following commodities became increasingly common in the everyday lives of Europeans during the Enlightenment era?

• Silk, spices, and precious metals.

• Wheat, barley, and oats.

• Coffee, tea, and chocolate.

• Wool, linen, and cotton.

What event influenced Voltaire's belief that the world was not the "best of all possible worlds," as expressed in his novel "Candide"?

• The French Revolution

• The Lisbon earthquake

• The Seven Years' War

• The American Revolution

What was a key characteristic of the Enlightenment salons hosted by wealthy women in Europe?

• They were exclusive gatherings for monarchs and priests.

• They focused solely on religious debates and scripture readings.

• They served as forums for discussing new ideas, books, and meeting philosophers.

• They were primarily places for women to learn traditional domestic skills.

What was the primary goal of Denis Diderot's "Encyclopédie"?

• To promote traditional religious dogma and monarchical rule.

• To provide a comprehensive collection of knowledge, including discussions on natural rights and technical drawings.

• To serve as a fashion guide for the European elite.

• To document the lives and customs of artisans and watchmakers.

What economic theory did Adam Smith challenge, which posited that global wealth was static and states could only increase their wealth by taking from others?

• Laissez-faire

• Free trade

• Mercantilism

• Individualism

In "The Social Contract," Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that individuals, once they freely form a state, should give what to the state?

• Conditional loyalty

• Unconditional obedience

• Financial contributions only

• Limited participation