Hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19: What We Know Right Now | SciShow News

Why did chemists start looking for alternatives to quinine during World War II?

• Quinine was too expensive to produce.

• Quinine caused severe allergic reactions in many patients.

• There were shortages of quinine.

• Quinine was found to be ineffective against malaria.

How do antimalarial drugs like chloroquine kill malaria parasites?

• They prevent the parasites from entering red blood cells.

• They make the parasites unable to move or reproduce.

• They interfere with the parasite's ability to break down poisonous substances.

• They directly dissolve the outer membrane of the parasites.

In autoimmune conditions, how do antimalarial drugs help calm the immune system?

• They increase the production of helpful antibodies.

• They make lysosomes less acidic, which reduces the generation of antigens that cause immune attacks.

• They directly destroy the immune cells that are attacking the body.

• They block pain signals from inflamed tissues, reducing symptoms.

What is a general effect of antimalarial drugs like chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on the immune system?

• They boost the immune system's ability to fight all types of infections.

• They make the immune system more aggressive against foreign invaders.

• They dampen the immune response.

• They have no direct effect on the immune system.

When cells in the body become infected and die, what does the body do to fight back?

• It immediately stops the infection on its own.

• It releases special chemicals that call immune cells to attack.

• It lowers the body's temperature to kill the infection.

• It makes the infected cells stronger to fight the virus.

What is the name for the body's overall defense reaction to an infection, which can sometimes harm healthy cells if it becomes too strong?

• Antibody production

• Cellular repair

• Inflammation

• Viral mutation

One idea about how certain antimalarial drugs might fight viruses is by changing the environment inside cells. How do these drugs supposedly make it harder for viruses to multiply?

• They make the cell compartments more acidic.

• They make the cell compartments more basic.

• They directly break down the virus's genetic material.

• They prevent the virus from entering any cells.

Why are thorough clinical trials on humans essential before a new drug is widely used to treat a disease?

• To make sure the drug is cheap to produce for everyone.

• To confirm the drug is both safe and effective for people.

• To see if the drug can kill viruses in a laboratory dish.

• To understand how the drug affects animals like mice.