Symbiotic Relationships in Nature

What is symbiosis?

• A relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed.

• A close, long-term relationship between two or more different species.

• A relationship where both species compete for resources.

• A relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected.

How do bacteria in the human gut demonstrate a mutualistic relationship?

• The bacteria harm the human by causing illness, while the human provides a habitat.

• The bacteria break down carbohydrates and toxins, and the human provides food and shelter.

• The bacteria compete with the human for nutrients, leading to a neutral outcome.

• The bacteria receive transportation from the human, but the human receives no benefit.

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Which statement best describes the relationship between epiphytic orchids and the trees they grow on?

• The orchid harms the tree by draining its nutrients.

• Both the orchid and the tree benefit from the relationship.

• The orchid benefits by having a place to live, while the tree is neither helped nor harmed.

• The tree benefits from the orchid's presence, but the orchid is unaffected.

What is the outcome of the parasitic relationship between the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis fungus and an ant?

• The fungus helps the ant find food, and the ant provides a place for the fungus to grow.

• The fungus grows inside the ant's head, manipulates its behavior, and eventually kills it to release spores.

• The ant provides transportation for the fungus, and the fungus has no effect on the ant.

• Both the fungus and the ant experience a neutral outcome, with no significant impact on either.