WorksheetsChapter 4, Lessons 1 & 3
Total questions: 150
Worksheet time: 3hrs 29mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A constructive force is defined as
a)
a natural occurrence that can build up or break down
b)
an earthquake or a volcano
c)
a natural force that builds up and creates new land
d)
a destructive force that has been controlled
2.
Weathering can be created by
a)
wind
b)
ice
c)
water
d)
all of the above
3.
An example of chemical weathering is
a)
acid rain
b)
ice cracking the driveway
c)
the Grand Canyon
d)
a volcano
4.
When looking at a diagram of a plant with roots, the level of ground with the most nutrients is the
a)
crust
b)
subsoil
c)
bedrock
d)
topsoil
5.
What has to happen before erosion
a)
Weathering
b)
Deposition
c)
Weathering and Deposition
d)
Nothing has to happen first
6.
Which of the following is not a type of farming used to prevent erosion
a)
planting trees
b)
pouring sand in sinkholes
c)
contour plowing
d)
terracing
7.
Which of the following can be both constructive and destructive
a)
earthquake
b)
delta
c)
volcano
d)
both a and c
8.
Which of the following is caused by deposition
a)
delta
b)
sand dune
c)
a and c
d)
canyon
9.
What can be found parallel to the coastline that protects the mainland from storms and tides?
a)
seawall
b)
groin
c)
dam
d)
barrier island
10.
If a riverbed erodes, the sediment flows until it deposits. Sometimes this forms a ____________ at the river's mouth
a)
delta
b)
bedrock
c)
moraine
d)
glacier
11.
A glacier scraping sediment as it moves is a form of
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
physical
12.
A mountain top is most jagged
a)
Before weathering occurs
b)
After weathering occurs
c)
during a lightning storm
d)
after deposition
13.
What are the two types of weathering?
a)
Physical & Chemical
b)
Wind & Water
c)
Constructive & Destructive
d)
Wind & Gravity
14.
What is an enormous mass of ice moving slowly over land?
a)
glacier
b)
iceberg
c)
ice wedging
d)
dune
15.
At which two locations in this stream is deposition occurring?
a)
A and D
b)
B and E
c)
C and E
d)
D and C
16.
____________ processes tear down features on Earth's surface.
a)
constructive
b)
destructive
c)
conductive
d)
reductive
17.
________ process build up features on Earth's surface.
a)
constructive
b)
destructive
c)
erosion
18.
Which of the following causes landslides (along with water)?
a)
wind
b)
waves
c)
ice
d)
gravity
19.
What is physical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
20.
Rocks that break down into smaller pieces is called ________________.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
convection
21.
What changes the mineral composition of rocks?
a)
erosion
b)
deposition
c)
physical weathering
d)
chemical weathering
22.
What is it called when sediment is moved from one place to another?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
convection
23.
When rocks and soil are worn down.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
24.
When the material that is worn down is carried away by wind, moving water, ice, living beings or gravity.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
25.
When those materials stop moving and build up somewhere else.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
26.
A hill of sand, made and shaped by wind.
a)
Sand Dune
b)
Delta
c)
Fault
27.
An area of new land at the mouth of a river.
a)
Sand Dune
b)
Delta
c)
Fault
28.
What are the two types of weathering?
a)
Mechanical and Physical
b)
Mechanical and Chemical
c)
Chemical and Abrasion
d)
There's more than two types
29.
Salt water weathering rocks by dissolving pieces of it over time is an example of ....
a)
Chemical Weathering
b)
Mechanical Weathering
30.
Wind abrasion (wind blowing sand against something) is an example of _______ weathering.
a)
Chemical
b)
Mechanical
31.
Weathering is defined as________
a)
The transport of sediments
b)
The breaking down of rocks into sediment
c)
The deposit of sediment
d)
None of these
32.
Erosion is defined as ________
a)
The transport of sediment
b)
The break down of rcoks into sediment
c)
the depositing of sediment
d)
None of these
33.
What caused the letters on this old tombstone to fade?
a)
weathering
b)
deposition
c)
being made of cheap material
d)
none of these
34.
The type of formation shown is at the southern end of the Mississippi river. What is it called?
a)
coastal erosion
b)
a delta
c)
a loess
d)
sand dunes
35.
What is an enormous mass of ice moving over land?
a)
glacier
b)
iceberg
c)
ice wedging
d)
dune
36.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
37.
Layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean floor
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
38.
Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving underground limestone
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
39.
All of the following are causes of physical weathering except...
a)
plant growth
b)
wind
c)
acid rain
d)
running water
40.
Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
41.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
42.
How does wind abrasion work?
a)
Sediment is blown off a surface from wind.
b)
Wind-blown sediment strikes a surface.
c)
Wind blows large chunks of rock off a surface.
d)
Sediment falls off of a surface on its own.
43.
Rust that forms on rocks or metal because of extended exposure to oxygen is what example of chemical weathering?
a)
carbon dioxide (carbonic acid)
b)
acid rain
c)
oxidation
d)
lichens
44.
What is physical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
45.
What are the two ways that rocks are broken down into smaller pieces?
a)
abrasion & erosion
b)
chemical weathering & dissolving
c)
physical weathering & precipitation
d)
chemical weathering & physical weathering
46.
Which of the following is mainly responsible for transporting the sand?
a)
gravity
b)
ice
c)
water
d)
wind
47.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
48.
A marble statue is left exposed to the weather. Within a few years, the details on the statue have begun to weather away. This weathering probably is caused by...
a)
oxygen in the air
b)
carbonic acid in rainwater
c)
lichens
d)
abrasion
49.
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
a)
Acid rain dissolving limestone
b)
roots breaking into concrete
c)
paper being ripped
50.
All of the following are causes of physical weathering except...
a)
plant growth
b)
wind
c)
acid rain
d)
running water
51.
Which of the terms describes the process of acid rain wearing away limestone?
a)
Cryptic Erosion
b)
Chemical Weathering
c)
Cryptobiotic Weathering
d)
Chemical Erosion
52.
What happens when weathering and erosion work together?
a)
New Mountains are created
b)
The climate changes overnight
c)
Metal objects become rusty
d)
They change the Earth's surface
53.
Rocks being made smooth by tumbling across a streambed
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
54.
Ponds filling up with sediment and becoming marshes
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
55.
Flood water pounding against a canyon wall and wearing it down
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
56.
What is the major cause of weathering and erosion?
a)
wind
b)
ice
c)
glaciers
d)
moving water
57.
Flood water pounding against a canyon wall and wearing it down
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
58.
Acid rain is an example of chemical weathering because
a)
pollution is in the sky
b)
rain connected to dust falls and hits rocks so hard they break.
c)
there is friction between rain and rocks.
d)
pollution gets dissolved in water and falls as rain dissolving rocks over time.
59.
During chemical weathering, what can happen to the type of rock that has undergone chemical weathering?
a)
a new rock is produced that is larger than the original rock
b)
a new rock is produced that is the same as the original rock
c)
a new rock is produced that is different from the original rock
d)
no new rock is created - it is just smaller in size
60.
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
a)
Acid rain dissolving limestone
b)
roots breaking into concrete
c)
paper being ripped
d)
Water running over rocks
61.
All of the following are causes of physical weathering except...
a)
plant growth
b)
wind
c)
acid rain
d)
running water
62.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
63.
These rocks were broken apart from the continuous freeze/thaw of water in the cracks of the rocks. This is an example of:
a)
ice wedging
b)
dumptruck
c)
permeability
d)
acid rain
64.
3. Which types of changes are included in the process of weathering?
a)
A. physical
b)
B. chemical
c)
C. both
65.
Deltas are built up by -
a)
deposition
b)
leaching
c)
abrasion
d)
erosion
66.
What type of erosion causes landslides
a)
wind
b)
waves
c)
water
d)
gravity
67.
The process by which rocks are broken down chemically or physically is known as:
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Transportation
68.
When wind, water, or ice leave materials in a location, this is known as:
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Transportation
69.
wind erosion forms what type of landform?
a)
meander
b)
drumlin
c)
sand dune
d)
sand bar
70.
Many barrier islands such as the Outer Banks in North Carolina have developed from wave action and deposition.
a)
True
b)
False
71.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
72.
What type of weathering is it when acid rain breaks down and changes the rock.
a)
chemical weathering
b)
physical or mechanical weathering
c)
erosion
d)
Deposition
73.
The natural chemical or physical processes that breaks down rock on Earth's surface.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
jackhammering
74.
The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
dumptruck
75.
What is the movement of soil from one place to another?
a)
weathering
b)
deposition
c)
discharge
d)
erosion
76.
What causes a valley to form first?
a)
earthquake
b)
running water
c)
landslide
d)
erosion by wind
77.
Weathering can change roads, sidewalks, buildings and sculptures over time.
a)
False
b)
True
78.
Physical weathering breaks down existing rocks by
a)
Changing them chemically, but not physically.
b)
Changing them physically, but not chemically.
c)
Changing them chemically and physically.
d)
Incorporating them into new rocks.
79.
The diagrams shows a natural process that weathers rock.
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
80.
Which agents break down earth materials?
a)
wind only
b)
earthquakes and gravity
c)
ice and 007
d)
wind, water, and ice
81.
The process that breaks down rocks and other materials on Earth's surface is called
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Decomposition
82.
Over long periods of time, deposition may change the Earth’s surface by _____.
a)
forming new land features.
b)
breaking down large rocks into smaller ones.
c)
washing away beaches.
d)
moving topsoil.
83.
What is the process that picks up and moves weathered rocks?
a)
Deposition
b)
Landslide
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
84.
What causes the greatest erosion effect on our beaches?
a)
Waves
b)
Gravity
c)
Glaciers
85.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
86.
What made this landform known as a valley? (U shaped)
a)
Glacier
b)
hill
c)
deposition
d)
rocks
87.
What caused this canyon to form over many years?
a)
Water
b)
Deposition
c)
valley
d)
Plants
88.
Large amounts of soil have eroded from steep hill. What is most likely to happen?
a)
an avalanche
b)
a sinkhole
c)
a landslide
d)
an earthquake
89.
Is this an example of physical or chemical weathering?
a)
Physical
b)
Chemical
90.
Is this an example of physical or chemical weathering?
a)
Physical
b)
Chemical
91.
Sand settles on the beach after waves dropped it there. This is an example of...
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Dragging
92.
If a hammer were left out in the rain for several days, it would begin to rust. Is this a form of physical or chemical weathering?
a)
Physical
b)
Chemical
93.
A glacier dragging sediments is an example of
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
depostion
94.
A river delta is created by
a)
glaciers moving
b)
wind erosion
c)
dissolved mineral from acid rain
d)
water erosion
95.
How are canyons formed?
a)
running water
b)
earthquakes
c)
volcano
96.
What type of valley does a river form?
a)
V shaped valley
b)
u shaped valley
97.
A constructive force is defined as
a)
a natural occurrence that can build up or break down
b)
an earthquake or a volcano
c)
a natural force that builds up and creates new land
d)
a destructive force that has been controlled
98.
The river is depositing sediment that forms a fan-shaped featured. What is this feature called?
a)
Basin
b)
Delta
c)
Bank
d)
Levee
99.
What process carved out the Grand Canyon?
a)
faulting
b)
volcanic eruptions
c)
erosion
d)
earthquakes
100.
Which geographical feature is formed by water erosion?
a)
plain
b)
sand dune
c)
volcano
d)
canyon
101.
What is a destructive force?
a)
A natural process that destroys land
b)
A natural process that creates land
c)
A natural process where areas that are normally dry is covered in water
102.
A constructive force is defined as
a)
a natural occurrence that can build up or break down
b)
an earthquake or a volcano
c)
a natural force that builds up and creates new land
d)
a destructive force that has been controlled
103.
When the material that is worn down is carried away by wind, moving water, ice, living beings or gravity.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
104.
When those materials stop moving and build up somewhere else.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
105.
A hill of sand, made and shaped by wind.
a)
Sand Dune
b)
Delta
c)
Fault
d)
Volcano
106.
Deposition is a process that
a)
Dissolves sediment
b)
Breaks down rock to form sediment
c)
Removes sediment from land forms
d)
Drops sediment to form landforms
107.
Where do deltas form?
a)
Desert Areas
b)
At river mouths
c)
On the Banks of Rivers
d)
In Valleys Formed by Glaciers
108.
Which example shows how Earth's surface has been changed by fast-moving water?
a)
earthquake
b)
canyon
c)
volcano
d)
freshwater lake
109.
Weathering can be created by
a)
wind
b)
ice
c)
water
d)
all of the above
110.
What does a glacier create?
a)
V shaped valleys
b)
U shaped valleys
c)
Big valleys
d)
small valleys
111.
A glacier is a slowly moving mass of __________.
a)
rock
b)
wind
c)
ice
d)
sediment
112.
The outer most surface of the Earth is called ___________.
a)
mantle
b)
outer core
c)
inner core
d)
crust
113.
The soft layer of the earth directly under the crust is called the _____________.
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
crust
114.
The thinnest layer of the Earth is?
a)
Mantle
b)
Lithosphere
c)
Athenosphere
d)
Crust
115.
The lithosphere combines what two layers?
a)
Athenosphere & Crust
b)
Crust & Upper Mantel
c)
Mantel & Athenosphere
116.
The asthenosphere makes up the?
a)
Upper portion of the mantel
b)
The lower portion of the crust
c)
Just the Athenosphere
117.
What is the name of the layer that contains the uppermost mantle and crust
a)
Asthenosphere
b)
Mesosphere
c)
Lithosphere
d)
Transosphere
118.
This layer of Earth is the thickest part
a)
crust
b)
outer core
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
119.
Identify layer #20.
a)
mantle
b)
asthenosphere
c)
inner core
d)
outer core
120.
Which layer of the earth is under the highest pressure?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
121.
The asthenosphere is part of which layer?
a)
Inner core
b)
Outer Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Crust
122.
The liquid portion at the center of the Earth.
a)
Asthenosphere
b)
Inner Core
c)
Outer Core
d)
Lithosphere
123.
From which layer of the earth does lava come from?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
124.
Which layer of the earth do we live on?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Inner Core
125.
The mantle is the middle layer of the Earth.
a)
True
b)
False
126.
The central part of the Earth below mantle is the _______.
a)
core
b)
crust
c)
mantle
127.
The inner core is the liquid layer of the core.
a)
True
b)
False
128.
This layer of Earth is the thickest part
a)
crust
b)
outer core
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
129.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's
a)
Continental crust
b)
oceanic crust
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
Lithosphere
130.
Is the Outer core solid or liquid?
a)
solid
b)
liquid
131.
Magma that reaches the surface of the Earth is called.
a)
magma
b)
lava
c)
hot-spot
d)
hot-solid rock
132.
. On the Earth’s layer diagram above, which letter represents the Outer Core?
a)
w
b)
x
c)
y
d)
z
133.
On the Earth’s layer diagram above, which letter represents the layer that contains solid iron?
a)
w
b)
x
c)
y
d)
z
134.
Which layer of Earth is located above the outer core?
a)
crust
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
lithosphere
135.
How are meanders formed ?
a)
When water wears away the outer bank at a bend in the lakes.
b)
When water wears away the outer bank at a bend in the river.
136.
_________ is a fan-shaped mass of material deposited by a stream on land when the slope of the land decreases sharply.
a)
sand bar
b)
delta
c)
alluvial fan
d)
flood plain
137.
How much of the earth's water is freshwater?
a)
50 %
b)
3 %
c)
97 %
d)
93 %
138.
Glaciers and frozen water make up _____ of the hydrosphere.
a)
1%
b)
2%
c)
3%
139.
All of Earth's liquid and solid water make up________
a)
hydrosphere
b)
atmosphere
c)
lithosphere
140.
What are physical features on Earth?
a)
landforms
b)
ocean forms
c)
water forms
141.
What is this landform?
a)
valley
b)
hills
c)
river
d)
lake
142.
What is this landform?
a)
Plain
b)
Delta
c)
Canyon
d)
Valley
143.
What is this landform?
a)
canyon
b)
hills
c)
mountain
d)
delta
144.
What is this landform?
a)
mountain
b)
delta
c)
valley
d)
plain
145.
What is this landform?
a)
mountain
b)
valley
c)
delta
d)
hills
146.
Destructive forces...
a)
destroy (break apart)
b)
squeezed together
c)
create (build up)
147.
A row of connected mountains.
a)
plain
b)
basin
c)
mountain range
d)
gulf
148.
flat land with higher elevation than a plain
a)
river system
b)
plateau
c)
canyon
d)
desert
149.
A dry region that gets very little rain
a)
gulf
b)
canyon
c)
desert
d)
valley
150.
What are the Earth's layers?
a)
crust, core, upper mantle, & lower mantle
b)
crust, mantel, & core
c)
crust, core, upper mantle
100 %
